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علوم اجتماعی و جامعه شناسی::
تعمیم تجربی
According to this view, theory arises from empirical generalizations, and can be re-
The key ideas are a) that empirical science should focus on observable phenom- ena, and avoid discussion of unobservable entities or processes, and b) that scientific theory, if possible at all, must be based on empirical generalizations, preferably uni- versal empirical generalizations or laws. 1
The tendency is to draw a sharp line between 'formal' demography, built on necessary relationships, and 'behavioral' demography, built on empirical generalizations regarding 'contingent' relationships.
On transition theory, Coale seems to have given up the hopes expressed in ear- lier papers that the project would arrive at 'universal empirical generalizations.'
But the- ory did not flow from the data; the methodological stance was such that theory would how from universal empirical generalizations, and these were not forthcoming.
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